Heinz Schmid, Hans Biebuyck, et al.
Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures
A UPS study of various conducting polypyrrole films is presented. Most of the valence band features can be explained by states derived from the orbitals of the pyrrole monomer and the associated anion molecules. In close vicinity of the Fermi energy, a density of states is observed which decreases linearly towards EF. The corresponding states are introduced by oligomer formation. The π-electronic density at EF is reduced by at least two orders of magnitude compared to ordinary sp-metals. The UPS spectra are consistent with short conjugation lengths and large amounts of disorder, but the corresponding defect states can not directly be observed. © 1984.
Heinz Schmid, Hans Biebuyck, et al.
Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures
Frank Stem
C R C Critical Reviews in Solid State Sciences
A.B. McLean, R.H. Williams
Journal of Physics C: Solid State Physics
Kigook Song, Robert D. Miller, et al.
Macromolecules